Composition of a BufferBuffers are of two types:a. Mixtures of weak acids with their salt with astrong base orb. Mixtures of weak bases with their salt with astrong acid.A few examples are given below:i. H2CO3/NaHCO3 (Bicarbonate buffer) (carbonicaci
“ Homeostasis”
& feedback or control mechanism of
body
28.2 Mechanisms of Homeostasis
• The term ‘homeostasis’ is derived from two Greek
words; Homeo which means ‘unchanging’ and Stasis
which means ‘standing’
Reproductive system
BPH, 1 st semester, SHAS,PU
PARTS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
Male gonads: Testes ; produce sperm & male sex hormones, testosterone.
Each testes mass of 10 –15 grams, 5*2.5 cm in dimension
FUNCTIONS OF THE
Respiratory system
SHAS, BPH 1 st semester
Anatomy & Physiology
• The respiratory system consists
of the nose, pharynx (throat),
larynx (voice box), trachea
(windpipe), bronchi, and lungs.
• Structurally two
divisions :
ENDOCRINOLOGY
BPH, 1 st semester
An Introduction to Endocrinology
E ndocrine system : N ervous system being the first it is the
second great control system of the body, which interacts with the
nervous system to coordinate and integrat
Body fluids & its balance
BPH, PU
General principles
• Osmolarity : number of osmoles per liter of solution
• Osmolality: number of osmoles per kilogram of solvent
– Measurement: depression of freezing point
– Calcula
UNIT V: Blood & cardiovascular
system
SHAS, BPH 1
st
semester
• Blood is a liquid
connective tissue
that consists of cells
surrounded by a
liquid extracellular
matrix.
• The extracellular
matrix is called
blood plasma
UNIT III: Musculoskeletal System
SHAS, BPH 1 st semester
Introduction: BONE
• Bone is a special form of connective tissue with a collagen
framework impregnated with Ca 2+ and PO 4
3– salts , particularly
hydroxyapatites.
• Bone is also